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Analysis and troubleshooting of common faults in sanding machines

Date: 2023/8/3

During the operation of the machine, some faults often occur, but they should be eliminated in a timely manner. However, if not handled properly, it may affect production and increase costs. This requires operators to be familiar with operating procedures, proficient in operation, and timely troubleshooting. Some faults were not found to be serious, but if handled improperly, they can cause significant malfunctions and seriously affect production. The following is an analysis of common faults in sanding machines.
1. Belt deviation is generally caused by improper adjustment. The normal swing amplitude of the sand belt should be 15-20 millimeters, and the swing frequency should be 15-20 times/minute. The swing speed should be moderate and consistent. If in an abnormal state, there may be deviation over time, especially if the swing speed is inconsistent, which is more likely to cause abnormal shutdown; The photoelectric switch is damaged, the solenoid valve is damaged, and the oscillating cylinder is damaged. The dust collection is not good. High dust concentration will affect the normal operation of Phototube, and will also lead to the deviation of abrasive belt. Replace damaged accessories in time to improve the dust removal effect.
2. The limit switch is malfunctioning, and both sides of the sand belt have limit switches. When the sand belt fails to swing and deviates to one side, it touches the limit switch, releases the sand belt, and the main motor automatically stops, effectively protecting the sand belt. Once the limit fails, the sand belt will be damaged, and the friction frame will generate sparks or even fire. Therefore, limit switches should be regularly checked for stable operation.
3. The sand belt is wrinkled, and once it is wrinkled, it cannot be used again. There are generally three possible causes of sand belt wrinkling: wear of sand roller and tension roller, grinding method, and repair roller; The sand belt is damp, soft, and wrinkled, and can be treated by drying and drying; The sanding machine has been unused for a long time, and the surface of the sanding roller is rusted and rough, making it difficult for the sanding belt to swing, resulting in a starting trend. At this point, a roller should be used for rust removal or a finer sandpaper should be used for polishing.
4. Sand belt fracture and sand belt fracture are mainly caused by sand belt deviation, blunt grinding of sand belt without timely replacement, excessive load of sand belt, or encountering hard objects or quality problems during the grinding process. Try to avoid sand belt breakage, otherwise it may cause a fire. When the current is abnormal, it is necessary to observe whether the sand belt is worn dull. If so, it should be replaced in a timely manner.
5. Deviation, slipping, rebound when entering the board. In the adjustment of the sanding machine, it is required to adjust the back pressure spring of the upper conveying roller to two-thirds (the remaining one-third). The spacing between the upper and lower conveying rollers should be less than 1.5mm or 1mm of the thickness of the passing slab, otherwise it may cause the slab to deviate or slip. In severe cases, it can cause rebound and may harm personal safety.
6. After replacing the sanding belt, the size of the sanding board changes. When the locking block is loosened or locked, the cantilever position of the sanding machine fluctuates greatly, which should be within 0.5mm under normal circumstances. If it is too large, the difference in locking force when the locking block locks the cantilever will cause different repetition accuracy of the cantilever, leading to fluctuations in the size of the sanding plate, which directly affects the sanding accuracy of the sanding machine. When the cantilever error is too large (exceeding 0.5) mm), the fixing bolts of the locking block should be adjusted appropriately. At the same time, when replacing the sand belt, the locking strength of the locking block should be consistent.
7. When the car is empty, the conveying roller rotates intermittently or does not rotate, and the above situation cannot be observed generally. It can only be found when the car is empty, because the worm gear is partially or completely worn

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